Rivotril, generically known as clonazepam, is a benzodiazepine medication used for its sedative, anti-anxiety, and anticonvulsant properties. It’s primarily prescribed to calm excessive brain activity, making it effective for a range of neurological and psychological conditions.
Uses
- Manages various anxiety disorders including GAD, panic disorder, and social anxiety.
- Serves as an adjunctive treatment for multiple seizure types, particularly in epilepsy.
- Alleviates panic attacks (e.g., rapid heartbeat, feelings of doom).
- Occasionally used off-label for Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).
How It Works: Enhances the effects of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, thereby calming brain activity to produce sedative and anxiolytic effects.
Dosage & Administration
- Available in tablet and orally disintegrating forms.
- Anxiety/Panic: Typically 0.25-0.5 mg, 2-3 times daily (initial dose).
- Seizure Disorders: Starting at 1-2 mg daily, gradually increased to max 20 mg/day.
- Taken orally, with or without food. Orally disintegrating tablets dissolve on the tongue.
- Follow prescribed dosage strictly; do not adjust without medical advice.
Side Effects
- Common: Drowsiness, dizziness, coordination problems, memory issues.
- Serious: Allergic reactions, respiratory depression (rare, but serious), mood changes, dependence/withdrawal. Seek immediate medical attention for severe effects.
Warnings & Precautions
- Dependence: High risk of physical dependence and withdrawal with long-term use.
- Interactions: Avoid alcohol; interacts with other CNS depressants, opioids, antidepressants.
- Medical Conditions: Use cautiously with substance abuse history, liver/kidney disease, respiratory issues. Elderly patients are more sensitive.
- Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: Use only if clearly needed; can affect fetus/infant.
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