Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine medication commonly used to treat anxiety disorders, insomnia, and conditions needing sedation or muscle relaxation. It functions by influencing the central nervous system to induce a calming effect, making it effective for a range of uses from everyday anxiety to specific medical procedures.
Uses:
- Relieves anxiety disorders and short-term anxiety symptoms.
- Manages short-term insomnia, particularly when caused by anxiety/stress.
- Provides sedation before medical procedures.
- Used for seizure control, especially in emergencies.
- Offers short-term relief for muscle spasms.
How It Works:
Enhances the effects of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity, leading to sedative effects, reduced anxiety, improved sleep, and muscle relaxation.
Dosage & Administration:
- Anxiety: Typically 2-3 mg/day, divided into 2-3 doses.
- Insomnia: Usually 2-4 mg at bedtime.
- Other uses depend on condition; always follow prescribed dosage.
- Taken orally with or without food; injectable forms administered by professionals.
Side Effects:
- Common: Drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness, blurred vision, muscle weakness.
- Serious: Memory problems, confusion, depression, hallucinations, breathing difficulties, rare allergic reactions. Seek immediate medical attention for serious effects.
Warnings & Precautions:
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- Dependence: Can be habit-forming; risk of withdrawal if discontinued abruptly.
- Safety: Impairs alertness; avoid driving or operating machinery.
- Interactions: Avoid alcohol (enhances sedative effects). Interacts with antidepressants, antipsychotics, narcotic pain medications.
- Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: Not recommended; may harm fetus/infant.
- Conditions: Use cautiously with history of drug abuse, depression, or respiratory/kidney/liver disorders. Elderly patients may be more sensitive.
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